Free Online Grammars/Dictionaries

[Carlo]

Below is a list of free online grammars and dictionaries for both the classical and modern dialect(s) in a wide variety of formats. If you have a link to one that is currently not listed below (or an alternate link to one already listed below, as links often suddenly stop working), please feel free to share and I will add it to the list. Should/when any links stop working, please let me know so I can remove them.

All entries are in [English] unless otherwise noted.

Classical Grammars:

• The Principles of Syriac Grammar by Andreas Gottlieb Hoffmann (translated by Benjamin Harris Cowper)
• Introductory Syriac Method and Manual by Robert Wilson
• Elements of Syriac Grammar by an Inductive Method by Robert Wilson
• The Elements of Syriac Grammar by George Phillips: 1st Edition and 3rd Edition
• The Elements of Syriac Grammar: With Reading Lessons by Benjamin Davidson
• Syriac Grammar with Bibliography, Chrestomathy and Glossary (2nd Edition) by Eberhard Nestle
• A Treatise on Syriac Grammar by Elias of Soba (translated by Richard Gottheil)
• Classical Syriac: A Basic Grammar with a Chrestomathy (2nd Edition) by Takamitsu Muraoka
• Syriac Grammar by Friedrich Uhlemann
• Compendious Syriac Grammar by Theodor Noeldeke (translated by James A. Crichton)3
• Learn Assyrian Aramaic by Alan Aldawood (currently offline; archived version at Archive.org)
• Classical Syriac Course Book by Helen Younansardaroud (translated by Graham Wetherall)
• [Arabic] Syriac Grammar by Petrus Saba
• [German] Syrische Grammatik von Elias von Tirhan
• [German] Syrische Grammatik, mit Paradigmen, Literatur, Chestomathie und Glossar von Carl Brockelmann
• [German] Kurzgefasste syrische Grammatik von Theodor Noeldeke
• [German] Buch der Strahlen: die groessere Grammatik des Barhebraeus von Axel Moberg
• [Latin] Linguae syriacae grammatica et chrestomathia cum glossario scholis accommodata a Henrico Gismondi
• [Latin] Grammatica aramaica seu syriaca a C. J. David

Classical Dictionaries:

• A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of Robert Payne Smith by Jessie Payne Smith at Dukhrana.com or at Archive.org
• Supplement to the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith by Jessie Payne Margoliouth (nee Smith) at Dukhrana.com or at Archive.org
• The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon (key: http://www.peshi tta.org/initial/standard.html)
• Aramaic Lexicon and Concordance [of the New Testament] at http://www.peshi tta.org/lexicon/ or at Atour.com (key: http://www.peshi tta.org/initial/standard.html)
• Dukhrana Analytical Lexicon of the Syriac New Testament
• Lexicon to the Syriac New Testament by William Jennings1
• [Arabic] Syriac Lexicon by Hassan bar Bahlul at Archive.org or at Dukhrana.com1
• [Arabic] Chaldean-Arabic Dictionary by J. E. Manna
• [Latin] Lexicon Syriacum (editio prima) a Carolo Brockelmann
• [Latin] Lexicon Syriacum ex eius lexico heptaglotto seorsim typis describi ab Edmundo Castello
• [Latin] Thesaurus Syriacus (Volume 1, alaph to kaph) a Robert Payne Smith (has some modern words)
• [Latin] Thesaurus Syriacus (Volume 2, lamadh to taw) a Robert Payne Smith (has some modern words)
• [Latin] Aegidii Gutbirii Lexicon Syriacum: Omnes Novi Testamenti Syriaci Dictiones et Particulas Complectens ab Ebenezer Henderson
• [Syriac] Treasure of the Syriac Language by Thomas Audo (two volumes) here or here or here
• [English]/[French]/[Arabic] Syriac-French-English-Arabic-Dictionary by Louis Costaz at Dukhrana.com or at Archive.org or at the American Foundation for Syriac Studies2
• [English]/[Swedish]/[Arabic] Syriacdictionary.net2

Modern Grammars:

• Grammar of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac by Arthur John Maclean
• Grammar of the Modern Syriac Language: As Spoken in Oroomiah, Persia, and in Koordistan by David Tappan Stoddard at Archive.org or at Google Books2
• [German] Grammatik des neusyrischen Sprache am Urmia-See und in Kurdistan von Theodor Noeldeke
• [English]/[German] Shlomo Surayt: An Introductory Course to Surayt-Aramaic (Turoyo) by Shabo Talay

Modern Dictionaries:

• A Dictionary of the Dialects of Vernacular Syriac: As Spoken by the Eastern Syrians of Kurdistan by Arthur John Maclean
• A Modern Syriac-English Dictionary by Abraham Yohannan
• [English]/[French] Sureth dictionary (has some classical words; English to Assyrian mirror at http://sargonsays.com/)
• [Arabic] (beta in [English]) Lishani.com

1 Thanks to ISay for the link
2 Thanks to dawidh for the link
3 Thanks to Liisa for the link

 

[Zawoyo]

WOW WOW WOW AND WWOOOOWWW THATS SOOO COOL!!

THANK YOU CARLO THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU !!!  :yourock:

:clap: :clap: :clap:

 

[Carlo]

WOW WOW WOW AND WWOOOOWWW THATS SOOO COOL!!

THANK YOU CARLO THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU !!!  :yourock:

:clap: :clap: :clap:

No prob, bro.

 

[dowidh]

Shlama Akhi,

  Thanks so much for this.

 

[Salem]

Carlo,

Hawit bassima khon for this list.

 

[Tears of Assyria]

Twdiateh Saggiyeh  yan

Tawdi saggi    :clap: :clap:

 

[Knight]

Excellent work!  :yourock:

 

[ISay]

To add to Carlo's wonderful list of online dictionaries, here is:  http://www.dukhrana.com/lexicon/BarBahlul/ (Note:  you'll need to be able to read Aramaic and Arabic to make use of this dictionary)

Also,  http://www.dukhrana.com/lexicon/Jennings/  (Note:  as with the above dictionary, you'll need to have some familiarity with the language to use the dictionary.  You can't simply type an English word and expect to get an Aramaic translation to it. As is common with dictionaries of the Semitic langauges, you must know the root consonants of a word (usually three) to be able to make use of them.)

 

[ISay]

Here is another one to add to this list:

http://www.archive.org/details/TreasureOfTheSyriacLanguage02  (Volume Two)

This is Thomas Audo's Syriac to Syriac dictionary.  

Edit:  I had originally added Volume One without realizing that Carlo had already included it in the list.  Anyways, looks like Volume Two just recently became available as well.

 

[Carlo]

Here is another one to add to this list:

http://www.archive.org/details/TreasureOfTheSyriacLanguage02  (Volume Two)

This is Thomas Audo's Syriac to Syriac dictionary.  

Edit:  I had originally added Volume One without realizing that Carlo had already included it in the list.  Anyways, looks like Volume Two just recently became available as well.

Thanks, ISay. I was waiting for Volume Two to come out!

 

[baghdeda]

Surath"Syriac"-English dictionary:
http://www.premiumwanadoo.com/cuneiform.languages/syriac/

Akkadian"Assyrian"-English dictionary:
http://www.premiumwanadoo.com/cuneiform.languages/dictionary/index_en.php

 

[Haulley09]

Hi We are a Free Communication Class for English. We learn English and can German and Russian. Join as. Skype: fccf.en Oliver

 

[JosephineAustralya]

Shlama!

I would be very grateful if anyone could send me a link for an English - Assyrian (Eastern) dictionary.  I've recently befriended an Assyrian gentleman online and I would really like to learn some appropriate words and phrases for conversation.

Basema raba.......

 

[dawidh]

David Tappan Stoddard's Grammar of the modern Syriac language: as spoken in Oroomiah, Persia, and in Koordistan can be found here:
Link

Although it is not perfect, I think it is a good book for beginners trying to learn the modern grammar.  Of course it should be used in combination with other sources.

 

[mrzurnaci]

very helpful thx Carlo

 

[dawidh]

This online dictionary is also based off of the dictionary by Louis Costaz S.J.  It has English, French, and Arabic translations (like Costaz's original dictionary):
American Foundation for Syriac Studies

This is another online dictionary I came across.  It has English, Swedish, and Arabic translations:
Syriac Dictionary - Syrisk ordbok - قاموس سرياني

The online dictionary project by the Association Assyrophile de France and Dukhrana's online dictionaries are more polished and detailed than the two linked above.

Also the Association Assyrophile de France online dictionary, English/French one you have listed already, has Brazilian Portuguese and German translations also.  They have to be turned on from the "Configurate language and display" page.

 

[Carlo]

This online dictionary is also based off of the dictionary by Louis Costaz S.J.  It has English, French, and Arabic translations (like Costaz's original dictionary):
American Foundation for Syriac Studies

This is another online dictionary I came across.  It has English, Swedish, and Arabic translations:
Syriac Dictionary - Syrisk ordbok - قاموس سرياني

The online dictionary project by the Association Assyrophile de France and Dukhrana's online dictionaries are more polished and detailed than the two linked above.

Also the Association Assyrophile de France online dictionary, English/French one you have listed already, has Brazilian Portuguese and German translations also.  They have to be turned on from the "Configurate language and display" page.

Thanks for the links, dawidh.

I didn't really see any Brazilian Portuguese or German translations when I turned those options on. I think they're still working on those languages...

 

[dawidh]

Thanks for the links, dawidh.

I didn't really see any Brazilian Portuguese or German translations when I turned those options on. I think they're still working on those languages...

Yea, I believe it is still a work in progress.  Just like some of the entries have audio files and others don't.  I thought others might like to know they have the options, that was all.

 

[Liisa]

[German] Kurzgefasste syrische Grammatik von Theodor N?ldeke

The English version of the above book is here.  It's a very useful book, though a bit old.
Compendious Syriac grammar

 

[Carlo]

The English version of the above book is here.  It's a very useful book, though a bit old.
Compendious Syriac grammar

Thank you, Liisa! That was a very important one we were missing from the list.

 

[Liisa]

Recently I found this page called Learn Syriac and Aramaic, where you can find several books, mostly in English, some in German.  The actual files are here.

- Some of the most notable things on the page are:
*Leshono Suryoyo: First Studies in Syriac by John Healey (2005), with audio files, both in East pronunciation and in West pronunciation!  The file name is "07.leshonoSuryoyoFirstStudiesInSyriac"...; the audio files are called TR01... through TR37...
*W. M. Thackston: Introduction to Syriac: An Elementary Grammar With Readings from Syriac Literature (1999).  File names="01.introduction"... or "1.Introduction"... (the same thing)
*Daniel M. Gurtner: Introduction to Syriac: Key to Exercises and English-Syriac Vocabulary (2006) - Keys to Thackston above.  File name="2.Introduction"...

- Additionally:
*T. H. Robinson: Paradigms and Exercises in Syriac Grammar (4th ed. 1962)  File names are "02.paradigms"... or "3.Paradigms"... (the same files).
*[German] Arthur Ungnad: Syrische Grammatik mit ?bungsbuch (1913) - file name "5.Syrische"...  But maybe this link is better for this one.

- They also have N?ldeke, Muraoka, Brockelmann, Jessie, and Costaz on the same page, but those books are already in the list above (though some of them might be better versions, like cleaner scans or newer reprints).  The other books on the page are not specifically Syriac-related.  I'll list them up anyway for reference:
*Frederick E. Greenspahn: An Introduction to Aramaic (Corrected Second Edition 2007) - file name "7.An Introduction to Aramaic"...
*W. B. Stevenson (2nd ed 1962): Palestinian Jewish Aramaic Grammar - "8.Palestinian"...
*Ebbe Egede Knudsen: A Targumic Aramaic Reader: Texts from Onkelos and Jonathan (1981) - "9.A Targumic"...
*Klaus Beyer: The Aramaic language its distribution and subdivisions (1986). Translated from German by John F. Healey - File name "10.The Aramaic"... or "11.theAramaic"... (the same files)

 

[Liisa]

I'm attaching my handmade "Bookmarks" for the 2011 scan, DjVu version, of A compendious Syriac dictionary.  (This scan is much higher-quality than a 2014 scan, a 2009 scan, and other two scans of the same dictionary on archive.org.)
One can use these "Bookmarks" on WinDjView, an open-source free DjVu viewer for Windows, after importing them via File | Import Bookmarks (Files of Type=All Files).  Look at the attached images, and how they work should be self-explanatory.  Nothing fancy, but with them you can open the right page more quickly when looking up a word...

PS:  The direct link to the DjVu file (an e-book format, so to speak) is
https://ia700600.us.archive.org/9/items/compendioussyria00payn/compendioussyria00payn.djvu (39 MiB)
I'd recommend this scan because it's smaller and lighter (especially if you view it in the Foreground mode or in the Black&White mode) than PDF versions, and because English text is searchable (e.g. you can easily find every place where "Assyria" is used), making it possible to use the same dictionary as an English-Syriac dictionary too.

 

[Liisa]

Classical Grammars
[French] Clef de la langue aram?enne, ou grammaire compl?te et pratique des deux dialectes syriaques, occidental et oriental par Alphonse Mingana
[French] Trait? de grammaire syriaque par Rubens Duval
[French] Trait? de grammaire syriaque par Rubens Duval (Better quality)

 

[Shahin]

Thanks ! especially for : "Clef de la langue aram?enne, ou grammaire compl?te et pratique des deux dialectes syriaques, occidental et oriental par Alphonse Mingana."

I was searching for some Syriac grammar books in French.

 

[Liisa]

You're welcome!

And I found a higher-quality scan of Duval.  Though this one is not searchable,  text looks much better than the versions on archive.org.
http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/CUA/id/75739